World Action Models Enable Continual Imitation Learning with Recurrent Generative Replays

Embodied AI and Robotics Imitation Learning World Models ML Continual Learning Replay Methods
超越机器人动作预测,世界动作模型(WAMs)还能够生成未来的视觉观测。我们基于这一生成能力,提出了循环生成式回放(REGEN)——一种持续模仿学习框架,该框架可合成伪回放轨迹,使机器人策略无需存储原始人类示范数据,即可反复练习先前习得的任务。在持续适应过程中,REGEN递归地调用WAM,仅依据先前任务的指令以及当前任务的观测结果,来合成伪回放轨迹。在仿真环境与真实世界操控任务中的实验表明:相较于顺序微调方法,REGEN可将灾难性遗忘程度最高降低50%;同时其性能接近于那些需依赖真实回放数据的“特权式经验回放”方法。最后,我们分析了制约生成式回放效果的关键因素,发现长时序下的视觉质量退化以及动作与观测之间的不一致性是两大主要瓶颈。我们的研究结果表明,WAMs有望成为无需存储示范数据的持续机器人学习的坚实基础。
Going beyond predicting robot actions, World Action Models (WAMs) can also generate future visual observations. We build on this generative capability to propose Recurrent Generative Replay (REGEN), a continual imitation learning framework that synthesizes pseudo-replay trajectories, enabling a robot policy to rehearse previously learned tasks without storing their original human demonstrations. During continual adaptation, REGEN recursively queries the WAM to synthesize pseudo-replay trajectories conditioned only on prior task instructions and current-task observations. Experiments in both simulation and real-world manipulation settings show that REGEN reduces catastrophic forgetting by up to $50\%$ relative to sequential fine-tuning, while approaching the performance of privileged experience replay methods that require access to real replay data. Finally, we analyze the factors limiting generated replay, identifying long-horizon visual degradation and action-observation inconsistency as the primary bottlenecks. Our results establish WAMs as a promising foundation for continual robot learning without stored demonstrations.
许愿