Artificial intelligence (AI) has played a critical role in cybersecurity for decades, aiding in tasks like malware detection and network traffic analysis through predictive machine learning models. As progress moves toward artificial general intelligence (AGI), AI's potential to automate defenses and address vulnerabilities becomes even more significant. However, this advancement also brings risks, as increasingly sophisticated AI could be misused to facilitate or intensify cyberattacks. To address these challenges, a new framework evaluates AI’s emerging offensive cyber capabilities comprehensively. This framework is unique in its coverage of all phases of the cyberattack chain, consideration of diverse threat types, and reliance on real-world data. It empowers cybersecurity experts to anticipate and prioritize necessary defenses before malicious actors exploit AI for harmful purposes. By understanding both the benefits and risks of advanced AI, the cybersecurity community can better prepare for future threats while leveraging AI’s defensive potential.

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